The presence of a bar clearly indicates that the movement of waves is transporting and depositing material on the seabed. The basin between a sandbar and the shore zone is called the runnel or swale. The sides of the sandbar fall gently away. It consists mainly of sand or gravel, depending on the material available along the coast. The longshore bar is an elongated ridge of sand found parallel to the shore in the surf zone on many flat coasts. The littoral series of a flat coast starts in the permanently flooded shallow water region, or shoreface, with a sand or gravel reef (also called a bar). Sandbars, runnels and creeks Wadden creek with exposed sandbar during an ebb tide The typical sequence of landforms created by the sea is described as a "littoral series". Key: B: bar, TNW: average low tide, THW: average high tide, US: shoreface GS: foreshore, SW: berm, SR: runnel, HS: backshore, DG: dune belt, SK: dune cliff The sea washes pebbles and sand away from the coast and dumps it at other locations.įlat coast littoral series Diagram of a flat coast littoral series. Wind transports finer grains of sand inland over the dunes. They may be basically divided into two parallel strips: the shoreface and the beach.įlat coasts consist of loose material such as sand and gravel. Flat coasts can be formed either as a result of the sea advancing into gently sloping terrain or through the abrasion of loose rock. Shoreline where the land descends gradually into the sea Schematic diagram of a flat coast.Īt a flat coast or flat shoreline, the land descends gradually into the sea.
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